button to main menu  Otley's Guide 1823 (5th edn 1834)

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Page 163:-
[lime]stone is overlaid by the coal measures nearly on all sides. Quantities of coal are raised in the western part of that parish, and also to the eastward at Caldbeck and Warnel Fell: and a thin seam of coal has been found interstratified with the limestone at Hesket Newmarket; but it is easily understood, that it would be in vain to search for coal within this limestone circle; consequently it cannot be found in the neighbourhood of the lakes. Coal is raised at Greysouthen, Gilcrux, and Plumbland; and there are extensive fields of coal beneath the town of Whitehaven, at Workington, and on the south side of the river Ellen at Maryport. From Maryport towards Carlisle, and thence to Penrith, is a large tract of red sandstone of unknown depth. To the eastward, the plain of the Eden is bounded by a long range of mountains, called by some the British Apennines, or the Backbone of England. These mountains are stratified, but do not produce coal; except at the northern end towards Brampton. South-east, coal is found on Stainmoor; and more southward, the first appearance of coal is at Hutton Roof, between Burton and Kirkby Lonsdale; and near Ingleton, there is an extraordinary assemblage of slate, lime, and coal.
  glacial erratics
Bowlder stones are often met with, far removed from their native rock, but do not appear to have been carried over high mountain ridges. The granite blocks from Shap Fells are carried over a great part of Westmorland; but are not found in the
gazetteer links
button -- Brampton
button -- Carlisle
button -- "Catlands" -- Catlands Hill
button -- Eden Valley
button -- Gilcrux
button -- Greysouthen
button -- "Hesket" -- Hesket Newmarket
button -- Hutton Roof
button -- Maryport
button -- Pennines, The
button -- Penrith
button -- Plumbland
button -- "Stainmoor" -- Stainmore
button -- Whitehaven
button -- Workington
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