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English Channel, Solway Firth
English Channel
site name:-   Solway Firth
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   channel
1Km square:-   NX9532 (etc etc) 
10Km square:-   NX93

evidence:-   old text:- Mackenzie 1776
placename:-  English Channel
source data:-   Charts, and sailing directions, Nautical Descriptions of the West Coast of Great Britain, Bristol Channel to Cape Wrath, by Murdoch Mackenzie, published London, 1776.
image MK10P23, button  goto source
Pages 23-24:-  "... ..."
"Robin-rig Bank is a long curved sand-bank, that forms one side of what is called the English Channel. ..."

evidence:-   old text:- Admiralty 1933
placename:-  English Channel
item:-  tidal stream
source data:-   image AY01p387, button  goto source
Page 387:-  "FIRTH OF SOLWAY. ... The greater portion of this wide and extensive inlet is encumbered by shifting sandbanks, with deep-water channels between them; north-westward of Silloth it is so inconstant that a large portion is left blank on the chart. The best navigable channel, named English channel, is on the Cumberland side, and is lighted and buoyed; the others are unbuoyed."
"..."
"Changes in the depths in the Firth of Solway are very rapid, and the chart cannot be considered as a safe guide to navigation. No vessel should attempt to enter the firth in misty weather, without having first sighted St. Bees head or the Two Feet Bank buoy; nor should any vessel, without local knowledge, proceed northward of Maryport roads. ..."
"Channels. - As stated above, the best navigable channel, and the only one which is buoyed, is English channel, which lies between the shoals that extend seaward from the coast between Harrington and Dubmill point, on the east, and Workington bank, Three Fathoms bank, and Robin Rigg, on the west. This channel carries a least charted depth of 5 1/2 fathoms (10m1), as far northward as a"
image AY01p388, button  goto source
Page 388:-  "position about 3 1/2 miles westward of Dubmill point, where it joins the Silloth channel, remarked on page 399."
"..."
"Tidal streams. ..."
"... the whole area [Solway Firth], for a space of 25 miles, is encumbered with sandbanks, through which the rivers discharging into the head of the Firth of Solway maintain two fairly deep channels, the one on the Scottish side being named Middle channel, and the other, on the English side, English channel. Through these channels, the streams run at a maximum rate of 4 knots at springs, the in-going stream at their entrances running from 5 1/4 hours before until three-quarters of an hour after high water"
image AY01p389, button  goto source
Page 389:-  "at Dover, which is, practically, the same time as on the shore, and the out-going from three-quarters of an hour after high water until 5 hours before the following high water."

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