Lakes Guides, topics |
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| flowers, Cumbria | ||||
| county:- | Cumbria | |||
| Pretty Blooms |
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 BRB98.jpg |
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| These records do NOT make a Flora of Cumbria, they are just some pretty flowers seen
on walks. |
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| evidence:- | old text:- Martineau 1855 item:- flower; botany; moss; fern |
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| source data:- | Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet
Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland,
and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-76. goto sourcePage 181:- "FLOWERING PLANTS, FERNS, AND MOSSES." "WINDERMERE AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD." "The banks of Windermere afford many objects of interest to the lover of British wild flowers; so numerous and various, indeed, are the more or less rare plants to be found in the lake itself,- in the mountain tarns, streams, woods and bogs, and on the fells and heath, that it is difficult to give a satisfactory account of them in the space of a short chapter. A general description of the Flora of the district may, however, be of some use to the tourist who, in passing through the country, wishes to secure anything which may be worthy of a place in his herbarium or garden." Lists of plants arranged by family follow this introduction; pages 181-191. goto sourcePage 192:- "CUMBERLAND." "The Lake District, and the margin of comparatively level land extending to the Cumberland shore, affords such a scope for the natural production of plants as few of the English counties possess." "The great diversity of altitude, and consequent variety of climate; the numerous and extreme changes of mineral and vegetable soils; the complete circult of aspect occasioned by the multiplicity and varied character of its hills and dales; the perfect exposure to the sea-breezes in some parts, and the exclusion from them in others; and the very different degrees of moisture to which the district is subject, varying from nearly 160 inches of rain-fall per annum in one or two of the mountain vales, to only about 24 inches in some of the lowland levels, accommodate the growth of a great variety of the British flora - the product of almost every locality between extreme anglo-alpine and the verge of the sea." "It is true that agricultural enterprise is quietly and gradualy, but surely, diminishing the numbers of the species; and perhaps the monopolising avarice of pro-" goto sourcePage 193:- "[pro]fessed collectors [1] may aid the destructive progress not a little, even to the total extermination of some plants. Still, such a range of variety is found between the littoral and alpine extremes of West Cumberland as may fairly gratify the wishes of the true botanist." "It must be understood that these remarks, and the following list of plants and localities, relate almost exclusively to the Cumberland limits of the district; and that the botanical resources of that district have been tolerably well explored by the writer for a lengthened period. His endeavours have also been aided by several friends (whose names are quoted); but it is still possible that some of the floral treasures may have been overlooked, or may yet remain undiscovered. Those will be but few, and of course valuable when their localities become known." "Many common plants are omitted from the list, under the impression that what is open to every one's eye needs no record; and numerous localities are also left out as redundant." "Perhaps no district, of the same limited extent, furnishes a more numerous assemblage of Cryptogamic plants;- that least explored, but very beautiful department; and which may be not inappropriately called winter-botany." "A great proportion of the singular system of bloom-" "[193.1] Only a year or two ago, one of this class being told of the habitat of the rare Grammitis Cetarech, went and picked out of the wall in which it grew, with the point of a knife, every plant! Fortunately, some seeds had been deposited, and they have restored the treasure." goto sourcePage 194:- "[bloom]ing peculiar to this class is developed at the season when most other vegetation is at rest, and therefore uninteresting; here then may the zealous botanical tourist still continue his study with as much ardour as in the summer; and derive pleasure and edification from the contemplation of the various gay or modest tints of these minute works of the Creator, when the casual observer will find nothing to attract his attention from the general dreariness of a wintry landscape." "Those who would acquaint themselves with the mosses and linchens (sic) of the lake and mountain district, will need some degree of perseverance and surefootedness in exploring the dark ravines and cavernous fissures of the moist and slippery rocks, and of the gloomy woods where these delight to grow; and will meet with perhaps the greatest variety, and those in the highest perfection, where the sun shines seldomest and the rain falls oftenest upon them. And it should be remembered that no satisfactory progress can be made in collecting and distinguishing the cryptogamia when the plants are shrivelled by drought." "No little energy will be requisite, also, to hunt out the linchens - some of which are found inhabiting almost every rood of undisturbed ground from the verge of the ocean, to the storm-beaten summits of the highest mountains. And last, not least, very considerable patience is necessary to duly investigate and decipher the microscopic stamp of family, so minutely, but distinctly impressed upon every specific member of the whole tribe of both mosses and linchens; and a great" goto sourcePage 195:- "many are too small to be accurately determined by the naked eye. But to the enthusiast in botany, the pleasing excitement of the pursuit, and the gratification of the capture, well reward the fatigues of the search." There follows another plant list; pages 195-206. |
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| plant lists:- |
Plant Lists |
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| Some early guide books have sections listing wild flowers, perhaps just the rarer
occurences. It is probably best to consult these in their original form, but the data
has been extracted to handy files which will load into a spreadsheet. The structure
is:- |
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| family (source) / binomial (source) / source information / source date / source |
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| You can find the files of raw data with the Transcriptions of Camden's Britannia 1789,
Guide Books by Otley 1823 and Martineau 1855. |
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| ../otley/OT01bot.csv | ||||
| ../mtineau/MNU1bot.csv | ||||
| ../camden/CAM2bot.csv | ||||
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| BJN24.jpg |  |
Brownhowe Bottom, Longsleddale, NY480088 -- Flower. (photo 13.5.2005) | ||
| BQO40.jpg |  |
Capplebarrow House, Longsleddale, NY50160280 -- Bluebells in the wood by the house. (photo 20.5.2009) | ||
| BQO39.jpg |  |
Capplebarrow House, Longsleddale, NY50160280 -- Bluebells in the wood by the house. (photo 20.5.2009) | ||
| BXY17.jpg |  |
Cartmel Fell parish, SD4089 -- Butterbur, Petasites albus? or P japonicus? (photo 8.3.2013) | ||
| BXY18.jpg |  |
Cartmel Fell parish, SD4089 -- Butterbur, Petasites albus? or P japonicus? (photo 8.3.2013) | ||
| CDC10.jpg |  |
Cartmel Fell Parish Hall, Cartmel Fell, SD41678799 -- Ceramic plaque, detail; flowers. (photo 24.5.2015) | ||
| BYE82.jpg |  |
cattle trough, Row, SD45148937 -- (photo 26.4.2013) | ||
| CBJ43.jpg |  |
coast, Far Arnside, SD44627639 -- Flower. (photo 8.8.2014) | ||
| CBJ44.jpg |  |
coast, Far Arnside, SD44627639 -- Flower. (photo 8.8.2014) | ||
| CBJ45.jpg |  |
coast, Far Arnside, SD44627639 -- Flower. (photo 8.8.2014) | ||
| CBJ46.jpg |  |
coast, Far Arnside, SD44627639 -- Flower. (photo 8.8.2014) | ||
| CBC47.jpg |  |
Cocklaw Fell, Longsleddale, NY48060402 -- Orchid. (photo 11.7.2014) | ||
| CBC48.jpg |  |
Cocklaw Fell, Longsleddale, NY48060402 -- Bog asphodel, Narthecium ossifragum. (photo 11.7.2014) | ||
| CBC52.jpg |  |
Cocklaw Fell, Longsleddale, NY48060402 -- Thistle, Cirsium sp. (photo 11.7.2014) | ||
| CBC53.jpg |  |
Cocklaw Fell, Longsleddale, NY48060402 -- Thistle, Cirsium sp. (photo 11.7.2014) | ||
| BUK27.jpg |  |
footbridge, Ennerdale, NY08121526 -- Wood anemones, Anemone nemorosa. (photo 27.4.2011) | ||
| BRA73.jpg |  |
footbridge, St John's Castlerigg etc, NY31961670 -- View of river. (photo 9.7.2009) | ||
| BRA74.jpg |  |
footbridge, St John's Castlerigg etc, NY31961670 -- View of river. (photo 9.7.2009) | ||
| BQW70.jpg |  |
Friar Well, Ennerdale and Kinniside, Kinniside Common, NY05611005 -- Watercress, Nastrurium officinale (photo 25.6.2009) | ||
| BWP80.jpg |  |
Gallowberry, Irthington, NY50066181 -- (photo 1.6.2012) | ||
| BST48.jpg |  |
garden, Maryport, NY03873635 -- (photo 14.5.2010) | ||
| BYN88.jpg |  |
Green, Dalston, NY36954969 -- Horse chestnut, Aesculus hippocastanum (photo 13.6.2013) | ||
| BRA73.jpg | |
Helvellyn Gill, NY3117 -- View of river. (photo 9.7.2009) | ||
| BRA74.jpg | |
Helvellyn Gill, NY3117 -- View of river. (photo 9.7.2009) | ||
| BTI40.jpg |  |
High Peel Near, Colton, SD29529173 -- Cow wheat, Melampyrum pratense (photo 13.8.2010) | ||
| BYS49.jpg |  |
Humphrey Head, Lower Allithwaite, SD39117425 -- Thrift, Armeria maritima. (photo 5.7.2013) | ||
| BYS50.jpg |  |
Humphrey Head, Lower Allithwaite, SD39117425 -- (photo 5.7.2013) | ||
| BYS51.jpg |  |
Humphrey Head, Lower Allithwaite, SD39117425 -- Spurge, Euphorbia sp. (photo 5.7.2013) | ||
| BYS52.jpg |  |
Humphrey Head, Lower Allithwaite, SD39117425 -- (photo 5.7.2013) | ||
| BQJ80.jpg |  |
Hunter's Holme, Arthuret, NY42676729 -- Primroses nearby. (photo 11.4.2009) | ||
| BVY03.jpg |  |
Jesus Church, Troutbeck, NY41300280 -- Kneeler, flowers. (photo 17.2.2012) | ||
| BYF01.jpg |  |
limekiln, Crosthwaite and Lyth (2), SD45468841 -- Coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara. (photo 26.4.2013) | ||
| BYF02.jpg |  |
limekiln, Crosthwaite and Lyth (2), SD45468841 -- Coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara. (photo 26.4.2013) | ||
| BTG17.jpg |  |
limekiln, Green Bank, SD38068027 -- (photo 30.7.2010) | ||
| CGJ75.jpg |  |
Little Coum, Grayrigg, Grayrigg Common, Lune Gorge, SD60289995 -- A violet, or pansy. (photo 10.8.2017) | ||
| BYN36.jpg |  |
Little Narrowcove, Eskdale, NY224068 -- Wood sorrel, Oxalis acetosella. (photo 4.6.2013) | ||
| CFB87.jpg |  |
Longsleddale, NY50080289 -- Meadow. (photo 7.6.2016) | ||
| BUY71.jpg |  |
Low Crosby Bridge, Low Crosby, Crosby-on-Eden, NY44455951 -- View of river. (photo 22.7.2011) | ||
| CFP42.jpg |  |
Lowther Castle, Lowther, Lowther Park, NY52272385 -- Rock Garden. (photo 19.10.2016) | ||
| CFB94.jpg |  |
Oldgrove, Stanwix Rural, NY42805905 -- Rhododendron. (photo 10.6.2016) | ||
| BXS27.jpg |  |
River House, Wetheral, NY46825457 -- Porch. (photo 30.11.2012) | ||
| CEA07.jpg |  |
Seat Sandal, Lakes, NY34381151 -- Bog pimpernel, Anagallis tenella, at, (photo 28.9.2015) | ||
| BWX84.jpg |  |
Sedgwick Trail, Garsdale, Dent Fault, Longstone Common, SD69799127 -- Thyme, Thymus sp. (photo 22.7.2012) | ||
| BWX85.jpg |  |
Sedgwick Trail, Garsdale, Dent Fault, Longstone Common, SD69799127 -- Eyebright, Euphrasia sp. (photo 22.7.2012) | ||
| BWX86.jpg |  |
Sedgwick Trail, Garsdale, Dent Fault, Longstone Common, SD69799127 -- Selfheal, Prunella vulgaris. (photo 22.7.2012) | ||
| CDD97.jpg |  |
Serpentine Wood, Kendal, SD50949278 -- Cow parsley. (photo 3.6.2015) | ||
| CDD98.jpg |  |
Serpentine Wood, Kendal, SD50949278 -- Perwinkle. (photo 3.6.2015) | ||
| CAL18.jpg |  |
silver birch trees, Etterby, Kingmoor Sidings Nature reserve, NY38685741 -- (photo 25.4.2014) | ||
| BXR94.jpg |  |
Snowdrop Cottage, Wetheral, NY46485430 -- Sign. (photo 30.11.2012) | ||
| BNM20.jpg |  |
Soulby, NY74921103 -- Butterbur, Petasites hybridus, by the Scandal Beck. (photo 30.3.2007) | ||
| BYM85.jpg |  |
Stainton Aqueduct, Lancaster Canal, SD52268541 -- Dandelion clocks (photo 7.6.2013) | ||
| CGS67.jpg |  |
St John, Woodland, SD24728910 -- Stained glass; flower. (photo 18.10.2017) | ||
| BVD55.jpg |  |
St Kentigern's Well, Caldbeck, NY32513990 -- Monkey flower, Mimulus guttatus (photo 5.8.2011) | ||
| BQS75.jpg |  |
stone wall, Arnside, SD45857681 -- Germander speedwell, Veronica chamaedrys. (photo 5.6.2009) | ||
| BNY17.jpg |  |
stone wall, Caldbeck, Fell Side, NY30593763 -- Harebell, Campanula rotundifolia. (photo 15.8.2007) | ||
| BSW71.jpg |  |
stone wall, Carlatton, NY52415182 -- Crosswort, Cruciata ciliata. (photo 4.6.2010) | ||
| BSW72.jpg |  |
stone wall, Carlatton, NY52415182 -- Cow parsley, Anthriscus sylvestris? (photo 4.6.2010) | ||
| BRE62.jpg |  |
stone wall, Long Marton, NY68002810 -- Thistles. (photo 3.8.2009) | ||
| BYK95.jpg |  |
summer house, Gawthrop, SD69318735 -- Poppies. (photo 31.5.2013) | ||
| BJZ44.jpg |  |
Sun Inn, Crook, SD46449512 -- (photo 9.11.2005) | ||
| BQV60.jpg |  |
Tarn Moor, Orton S, NY67100767 -- Birds eye primrose, Primula farinosa. (photo 18.6.2009) | ||
| BQV61.jpg |  |
Tarn Moor, Orton S, NY67100767 -- Birds eye primrose, Primula farinosa. (photo 18.6.2009) | ||
| BQV59.jpg |  |
Tarn Moor, Orton S, NY67100767 -- Orchid (photo 18.6.2009) | ||
| BQV62.jpg |  |
Tarn Moor, Orton S, NY67100767 -- Hay rattle, Rhinanthus minor. (photo 18.6.2009) | ||
| BQY43.jpg |  |
waterfall, Gastack Beck, Deepdale, SD72238378 -- Meadow cranesbill, Geranium pratense, nearby. (photo 23.9.2005) | ||
| CCW53.jpg |  |
West Gate Cottage, Barrow-in-Furness, Furness Abbey, SD21657162 -- Gate detail. (photo 17.4.2015) | ||
| BUY71.jpg | |
Willow Beck, NY4459 -- View of river. (photo 22.7.2011) | ||
| BYQ06.jpg |  |
Will's Hill, Garsdale, SD76168891 -- Cotton grass, Eriophorum vaginatum? (photo 25.6.2013) | ||
| BYQ07.jpg |  |
Will's Hill, Garsdale, SD76168891 -- Cotton grass, Eriophorum vaginatum? (photo 25.6.2013) | ||
| BYQ10.jpg |  |
Will's Hill, Garsdale, SD76168891 -- Sundew, Drosera rotundifolia. (photo 25.6.2013) | ||
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| references:- | NB this does not pretend to be a complete or reliable list of references; it is a
list of sources I've come across - not even necessarily tracked down to read. |
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| Brightman, F H & Nicholson, B E: 1966: Oxford Book of Flowerless
Plants, The: Oxford University Press Brummit, R K: : Vascular Plant Families and Genera: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew:: ISBN 0 947643 43 5 Brummit, R K & Powell, C E: : Authors of Plant Names: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew:: ISBN 0 947643 44 3 Clapham, A R & Tutin, T G & Warburg, E F: 1962: Flora of the British Isles: Cambridge University Press Cook, Frances E M: 1995: Economic Botany Data Collection Standard: Royal Botanic Gdns, Kew:: ISBN 0 947643 71 0; prepared for the Taxonomic Databases Working Group, TDWG, for plant sciences Dandy, J E: 1958: List of British Vascular Plants: HMSO & BMHN:: Dandy number for each species Dony, J G & Peering, F & Rob, C M: 1980 (reprint): English Names of Wild Flowers: Botanical Society of the British Isles:: ISBN 0 901158 03 8 Harrison, S G & Masefield, G B & Wallis, M: 1969: Oxford Book of Food Plants, The: OUP Hessayon, D G: 1985: Indoor Plant Spotter, The: pbi publications:: ISBN 0 903505 21 5 Keble-Martin, W: 1965: Concise British Flora in Colour, The: Ebury Press & Michael Joseph:: ISBN 0 7181 4028 1 Mandahl-Barth, G: 1972 (2nd edn): Woodland Life: Blandford:: ISBN 0 7137 0417 9 Merryweather, James: 1991 (test version): Fern Guide, The: Field Studies Council Soothill, Eric & Fairhurst, Alan: 1978: New Field Guide to Fungi: Michael Joseph (London):: ISBN 0 7181 1620 8 Stearn, William T: 1966: Botanical Latin: Thomas Nelson and Sons Tutin, T G (ed)(et al): 1964=1979: Flora Europea: Cambridge Univeristy Press: vol 1-5 + ? Vedel, H & Lange, J: 1960 (translation): Trees and Bushes ...: Methuen |
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