Old Cumbria Gazetteer

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	placename:-	Kemp Howe
	other name:-	Kemp Howe Stone Circle
	other name:-	Shap Stone Circle
	locality:-	Shap
	parish	Shap parish, once in Westmorland
	county:-	Cumbria
		stone circle
	Altitude	869 feet
	coordinates:-	NY568133
	10Km square:-	NY51
	1Km square	NY5613
		Kemp Howe -- Shap -- Shap -- Cumbria / -- 13.7.2005
		Kemp Howe -- Shap -- Shap -- Cumbria / -- 4.1.2006
	old map:-	OS County Series (Wmd 21 2)
		County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
	placename:-	Druidical Circle
		stone circle
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late; 1890s
	old map:-	LMS 1920s maps
		Railway map, lithograph, 23 pages of strip maps, The Journey in Brief, the Route London to Carlisle, and a general map, Diagram of the Route London to Glasgow and Edinburgh, published by the London Midland and Scottish Railway, LMS, 1920s.
		Druid Circle
		Half a circle is shown, cut by the line of the railway.
	date:-	1920=1929
	period:-	1920s
	descriptive text:-	Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843)
		Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, et al, 1839; published 1839-52.
		Page 141:-
		...
		... Karl Lofts, composed of two lines of huge unhewn masses of granite, ... having at its south end a circle of similar stones, eighteen feet in diameter, ...
	site name:-	Karl Lofts
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	descriptive text:-	West 1778 (11th edn 1821)
		Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
		goto source.
		Page 174:-
		... On the east side of the road, soon after you leave the village [Shap going S], observe a double range of
		goto source.
		Page 175:-
		huge granites [1], pitched in the ground, and at some distance from each other, leading to circles of small stones, and increasing the space between the rows as they approach the circles, where the avenue is about 27 paces wide. They are supposed to have run quite through the village, and terminated in a point. It has long embarrassed the antiquaries what to call this very uncommon monument of ancient date. Mr. Pennant has given a plausible explanation of it from Olaus Magnus, and supposes the row of granites to be the recording stones of a Danish victory obtained on the spot, and the stony circles to be grateful tributes to the memory of consanguineous heroes slain in the action.
		...
		[1] Since the inclosure of the common, many of these stones have been destroyed, for the purpose of making fence-walls.
	date:-	1778
	period:-	18th century, late; 1770s
	old map:-	Bowen and Kitchin 1760 -- possibly relevant
		New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin, published by T Bowles, John Bowles and Son, Robert Sayer, and John Tinney, 1760; published 1760-87.
		Stone Heap
		rough circle of standing stones
	date:-	1760
	period:-	18th century, late; 1760s
	old map:-	Simpson 1746 map (Wmd) -- probably relevant
		Maps, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland? in The Agreeable Historian by Samuel Simpson, printed by R Walker, Fleet Lane, London, 1746.
		goto source.
		Stone Heaps
		Near the road?.
	placename:-	Stone Heaps
	county:-	Westmorland
	date:-	1746
	period:-	18th century, early; 1740s
	old map:-	Bowen 1720 (plate 94) -- probably relevant
		Road book, Britannia Depicta Or Ogilby Improv'd, including road strip maps with sections in Westmorland, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, derived from maps by Ogilby, 1675, and a county map of Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, with text by John Owen, published by Emanuel Bowen, London, 1720; published 1720-64.
		Stone heap
		3 heaps of stones drawn on right, east, of road between mile 270 and 271.
	date:-	1720
	period:-	18th century, early; 1720s
	old map:-	Morden 1695 (Wmd) -- probably relevant
		Maps, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland, scale about 3 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695.
		goto source.
		Stone Heaps
		Group of little tower symbols around the junction of the Kendal Shap road and Shap Orton road.
	county:-	Westmorland
	date:-	1695
	period:-	17th century, late; 1690s
	old map:-	Ogilby 1675 (plate 38)
		The stone heap near mile 271 is probably the stone circle.
		Road book, Britannia, strip road maps, with sections in Westmorland and Cumberland etc, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675; and a general map of England and Wales.
		goto source.
		In mile 270, Westmorland.
		stone heaps
		Three piles of stones, like cairns? drawn by the road.
	date:-	1675
	period:-	17th century, late; 1670s
		photographs
		Kemp Howe -- Shap -- Shap -- Cumbria / -- 4.1.2006
	hearsay	6 granite bouilders are all that is left; the circle was destroyed by railway building in the 19th century. THis is the southern end of Carls Lofts avenue. Waterhouse, John: 1985: Stone Circles of Cumbria: Phillimore and Co (Chichester, Sussex):: ISBN 0 85033 566 3 Burl, H A W: 1976: Stone Circles of the British Isles: Yale University Press (United States)
	note	Several maps, perhaps copied from one to another, show 'Stone Heaps' at the junction of the road to Orton and the Kendal Shap road. This is not exactly where the stone circle is, but, has the road layout changed?
	Old Cumbria Gazetteer - JandMN: 2013

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