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Rydal Park, Rydal
Rydal Park
locality:-   Rydal
civil parish:-   Lakes (formerly Westmorland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   park
coordinates:-   NY371062 (etc) 
1Km square:-   NY3706
10Km square:-   NY30
evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675 (plate 96) 
placename:-  Ridale Park
source data:-   Road strip map, hand coloured engraving, the Road from Kendal to Cockermouth, and the Road from Egremond to Carlisle, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
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OG96m010.jpg
In mile 14, Westmerland. 
The road goes through:-  "Ridale Park"
a paling fence, and trees. 
item:-  JandMN : 22
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evidence:-   old map:- Bowen 1720 (plate 260) 
placename:-  Ridal Park
source data:-   Road strip map, uncoloured engraving, pl.260, The Road from Kendal to Cockermouth, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, with sections in Westmorland and Cumberland, published by Emanuel Bowen, St Katherines, London, 1720.
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B260m10.jpg
The road goes through at mile 14-15; drawn with fence palings and evergreen trees. 
item:-  private collection : 1.260
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evidence:-   old map:- Simpson 1746 map (Wmd) 
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, printed by R Walker, Fleet Lane, London, 1746.
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SMP2NYF.jpg
Outline with fence palings. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.59
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evidence:-   old text:- Clarke 1787
placename:-  Rydale Park
item:-  trees
source data:-   Guide book, A Survey of the Lakes of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire, written and published by James Clarke, Penrith, Cumberland, and in London etc, 1787; published 1787-93.
image CL13P152, button  goto source
Page 152:-  "..."
"... in Rydale Park, and some other places, are yet remaining trees of a very large size, tho' the largest and oldest were felled about six years ago. ..."
evidence:-   old drawing:- Green 1790s-1820s (1807) 
placename:-  Rydal Park
source data:-   Drawing, pencil, Rydal Water from Rydal Park, Rydal, Westmorland, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 31 August 1807.
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PR1757.jpg
ms, pencil at lower left, right:-  "Augt 31 1807 / Rydal Water from Rydal Park"
item:-  Dove Cottage : B44
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evidence:-   old map:- Cooke 1802
source data:-   Map, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 12 miles to 1 inch, by George Cooke, 1802, published by Sherwood, Jones and Co, Paternoster Road, London, 1824.
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GRA1Wd.jpg
outline of fence palings; park 
item:-  Hampshire Museums : FA2000.62.4
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evidence:-   probably old text:- Gents Mag
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G8050919, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1805 p.919  "..."
"We revelled through the long evening under the majestic rocks of Rydal. The path winding round the head of the Lake opened upon a rich vale of meadow, luxuriant from the moisture of its mother streams. Here we crossed the river Rothay, and traced it through the valley, which is of the finest verdure. We were awed at the approach of those rugged rocks that looked so smooth and silken at a distance. Their broad bases are shrouded in a labyrinth of wood, while their loftier sides are occasionally broken by a projecting point, or an insulated hollow. Here the solitary cow, cautiously descending, crops in uninterrupted security the delicious herbage. Such is the tremendous elevation to which she aspires, that the animated speck would be unperceived but for an accidental"
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag 1805
source data:-   image G8050920, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1805 p.920  "motion. But, notwithstanding the cautious inactivity of these animals, they are sometimes punished for their temerity, and precipitated lifeless into the pastures. We passed some enviable cottages at the foot of this Alpine pile. ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Green 1810
source data:-   Set of prints, soft ground etchings, Sixty Studies from Nature, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, drawn 1808-10, published 1810.
image GN14p030, button  goto source
page 30:-  "..."
"The park [Rydal] commences near the hall, and advancing considerably up the hill towards the pikes, commands noble prospects of the lakes of Rydal and Windermere, which, aided even by the trees still standing, render it a most desirable place for those who delight in contemplating the beauties of nature. Some fine trees still remain, but the writer has, with great regret, been witness to the despoiling of some rich and heavenly compositions by an im-"
page 31:-  "[im]proper application of the axe; improper as applied to the feelings of the picturesque observer, but not as a means of enriching the proprietor, and of contributing towards the comforts of the public at large."
"..."
evidence:-   old print:- Green 1810 (plate 22) 
placename:-  Rydal Park
item:-  oak tree; tree
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, Oak in Rydal Park, Westmorland, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1808.
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GN1222.jpg
Plate 22 in Sixty Studies from Nature, 1810. 
printed at top right:-  "22"
printed at bottom:-  "OAK IN RYDAL PARK. / Drawn and Engraved by William Green, and Published at Ambleside, June 24, 1808."
watermark:-  "J WHATMAN / 1813"
item:-  Armitt Library : A6641.22
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evidence:-   old print:- Green 1810 (plate 23) 
placename:-  Rydal Park
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, Scene in Rydal Park, Westmorland, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1810.
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GN1223.jpg
Plate 23 in Sixty Studies from Nature, 1810. 
printed at bottom:-  "SCENE IN RYDAL PARK. / Drawn and Engraved by William Green, and Published at Ambleside, June 24, 1810."
watermark:-  "J WHATMAN / 1813"
item:-  Armitt Library : A6641.23
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evidence:-   old map:- Hall 1820 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Rydal Park
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmoreland ie Westmorland, scale about 14.5 miles to 1 inch, by Sidney Hall, London, 1820, published by Samuel Leigh, 18 Strand, London, 1820-31.
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HA18.jpg
"Rydal Pk."
outline of fence palings; park 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.58
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evidence:-   outline view:- Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834) 
source data:-   Print, woodcut outline view, The Mountains of Grasmere and Rydal, by Jonathan Otley, Keswick, Cumberland, 1830.
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OT2E03.jpg
Printed on p.15 of A Concise Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, 5th edition, 1834.  "MOUNTAINS OF GRASMERE AND RYDAL: as seen from Red-Bank Head."
"Hammer Scar / Silver How / Ullskarth, Wythburn head / Helm Crag and Stile / Littledale Pike, Skiddaw / Raise Gap / Calva in Caldbeck Fells / Part of Helvellyn / Seat Sandal / Grisedale Hause / Great Rigg, Fairfield / Green-head Ghyll / Forest Side / Nab Scar / Scandale Fell / Rydal Park / Cawdale Moor / Loughrigg Fell"
item:-  JandMN : 48.4
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evidence:-   outline view:- Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834) 
source data:-   Print, woodcut outline view, Mountains North East of Windermere, by Jonathan Otley, Keswick, Cumberland, 1830.
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OT2E11.jpg
Printed on p.99 of A Concise Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, 5th edition, 1834.  "MOUNTAINS NORTH-EAST OF WINDERMERE, as seen from Bowness."
Mountains are listed:-  "High Raise / Ullskarth, Wythburn Head / Loughrigg Fell / Stile / Raise Gap / Nab Scar / Great Rigg / Fairfield / Rydal Park / Wansfell Pike / Red Screes / Cawdale Moor / Threshthwaite Mouth / High Street / Froswick / Ill Bell / Yoak / Applethwaite Fell"
item:-  JandMN : 48.12
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evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
item:-  tree felling
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G849B138, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1849 part 2 p.138  "..."
"It was about 1790 that Rydal - which, within the memory of persons yet alive, looked so grand in umbrageous honours - ceased to be considered a wondrous scene of woodland beauty; ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Martineau 1855
source data:-   Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-76.
image MNU1P060, button  goto source
Page 60:-  "... Rydal Park. ... Once in the forest, Christopher North's advice comes into his [the visitor's] mind,- unspoiled by the fear, only too reasonable in the lower part of the park,- of being turned out of the paradise, very summarily. "The sylvan, or rather, the forest scenery of Rydal Park," says Professor Wilson, "was, in the memory of living man, magnificent; and it still contains a treasure of old trees. By all means wander away into these old woods, and lose yourself for an hour or two among the cooing of cushats and the shrill shriek of startled blackbirds, and the rustle of the harmless glow-worm among the last year's beech leaves. No very great harm should you even fall asleep under the shadow of"
image MNU1P061, button  goto source
Page 61:-  "an oak, whilst the magpie chatters at safe distance, and the more innocent squirrel peeps down upon you from a bough of the canopy, and then, hoisting his tail, glides into the obscurity of the loftiest umbrage.""
evidence:-   outline view:- Black 1856 (23rd edn 1900) 
placename:-  Rydal Park
source data:-   Print, lithograph, Outline Views, Grasmere and Coniston - Mountains as seen from Redbank, Grasmere, and Mountains as seen a little beyond Tent Lodge on the Road from Coniston to Ulverstone, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1900.
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BC08E3.jpg
"... 17 Rydal Park ..."
item:-  JandMN : 37.12
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evidence:-   outline view:- Black 1841 (3rd edn 1846) 
placename:-  Rydal Park
source data:-   Print, engraving, outline view, Mountains as seen from Red Bank, Grasmere, and Mountains as seen a little beyond Tent-Lodge on the Road from Coniston to Ulverston, by J Flintoft, Keswick, Cumberland, engraved by R Mason, Edinburgh, Lothian, about 1846.
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BC02E3.jpg
"... 17 Rydal Park ..."
item:-  JandMN : 32.5
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evidence:-   old print:- Green 1809
placename:-  Rydal Park
item:-  tree; alder
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, Rydal Park, alder by a beck, Westmorland, by William Green, published by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, Paternoster Row, London, 1809.
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GN0365.jpg
Plate 65 in Seventy Eight Studies from Nature. 
printed in introductory pages to set of prints:-  "Number 65. The Alder is not always to be rejected; its branches are sometimes beautiful and frequently picturesque; and the leaves, when near the eye, often afford good drawing subjects; though the colouring will not answer so generally as Hazle, yet when properly introduced with other colours it may be found valuable. This is one of the little scenes of which there are so many in the neighbourhood of Ambleside."
printed at bottom:-  "RYDAL PARK. / Published Ambleside, Augst. 1st. 1809, by W. Green."
item:-  Armitt Library : A6637.65
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evidence:-   old print:- Green 1809
placename:-  Rydal Park
item:-  tree
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, In the Springs at Rydal, Rydal Park, Westmorland, by William Green, published by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, Paternoster Row, London, 1809.
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GN0356.jpg
Plate 56 in Seventy Eight Studies from Nature. 
printed at bottom:-  "IN THE SPRINGS AT RYDAL. / Pub. Ambleside, Augst. 1st. 1809, by W. Green."
item:-  Armitt Library : A6637.56
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Green 1809
placename:-  Rydal Park
item:-  tree
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, In the Springs at Rydal, Rydal Park, Westmorland, by William Green, published by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, Paternoster Row, London, 1809.
image  click to enlarge
GN0355.jpg
Plate 55 in Seventy Eight Studies from Nature. 
printed at bottom:-  "IN THE SPRINGS AT RYDAL. / Published Ambleside, Augst. 1st. 1809, by W. Green."
item:-  Armitt Library : A6637.55
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evidence:-   old print:- Green 1809
placename:-  Rydal Park
item:-  tree; oak; fern
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, Oak Stump, Rydal Park, Westmorland, by William Green, published by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, Paternoster Row, London, 1809.
image  click to enlarge
GN0354.jpg
Plate 54 in Seventy Eight Studies from Nature. 
printed at bottom:-  "OAK STUMP. / Published Ambleside, Augst. 1st. 1809, by W. Green."
item:-  Armitt Library : A6637.54
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evidence:-   old print:- Green 1809
placename:-  Rydal Park
item:-  tree; hazel
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, Young Hazel, Rydal Park, Westmorland, by William Green, published by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, Paternoster Row, London, 1809.
image  click to enlarge
GN0353.jpg
Plate 53 in Seventy Eight Studies from Nature. 
printed at upper right:-  "53"
printed at introductory pages to set of prints:-  "Numbers 53, 54, 55, 56, are various studies made in Rydal Park. In the springs are valuable foreground materials, some at the roots of trees; 55, and 56, are two of them. Rydal Park is a fine spot for study: The trees are majestic; and the lakes of Windermere and Rydal, in composition with the wood and mountains, exhibit some very extraordinary pictures. Some years ago it was the opinion of gentlemen who had been in many parts of the united kingdom and on the continent, that they had seen nothing equal to Rydal Park. Although a great deal of the wood has recently been cut down; it is even at present a charming place. The writer has enjoyed much pleasure in contemplating the scenes of Rydal Park, and is grateful for the privilege of studying there. He has frequently been in the Park from ten to twelve hours without seeing a human being."
printed at bottom:-  "YOUNG HAZEL. / Published Ambleside, Augst. 1st. 1809, by W. Green."
item:-  Armitt Library : A6637.53
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