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Brougham Castle, Brougham
Brougham Castle
locality:-   Brougham
civil parish:-   Brougham (formerly Westmorland)
county:-   Cumbria
locality type:-   castle
coordinates:-   NY53722900
1Km square:-   NY5329
10Km square:-   NY52
MDA code:-   ENGH

photograph
BPN95.jpg  Keep on the left, new gatehouse on the right.
(taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BPN96.jpg  Plaque over the castle entrance
"THYS / MADE / ROGER" originally over the door to the new hall erected by Roger, Lord Clifford, 1380s.
(taken 2.8.2008)  
evidence:-   old map:- OS County Series (Wmd 4 9) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Maps, County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
evidence:-   old map:- Saxton 1579
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576, published 1579-1645.
image
Sax9NY52.jpg
Building with two towers, symbol for a castle.  "Brougham cast:"
item:-  private collection : 2
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Mercator 1595 (edn?) 
placename:-  Brughham Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorlandia, Lancastria, Cestria etc, ie Westmorland, Lancashire, Cheshire etc, scale about 10.5 miles to 1 inch, by Gerard Mercator, Duisberg, Germany, 1595, edition 1613-16.
image
MER5WmdA.jpg
"Brughham ca."
circle, building and tower 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Broughton Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumberland and the Ancient Citie Carlile Described, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by J Sudbury and George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP11NY53.jpg
"Broughton cast"
circle, buildings, tower; Westmorland 
item:-  private collection : 16
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Speed 1611 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, The Countie Westmorland and Kendale the Cheif Towne, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, 1610, published by George Humble, Popes Head Alley, London, 1611-12.
image
SP14NY53.jpg
"Brougham Ca"
circle, buildings and tower 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.5
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   table of distances:- Simons 1635
placename:-  Browgham Castle
source data:-   Table of distances, uncoloured engraving, Westmerland ie Westmorland, with a thumbnail map, scale about 42 miles to 1 inch, by Mathew Simons, published in A Direction for the English Traviller, 1635.
image  click to enlarge
SIM3.jpg
"Browgham Ca. N."
and tabulated distances 
item:-  private collection : 50.39
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Jansson 1646
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Cumbria and Westmoria, ie Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646.
image
JAN3NY53.jpg
"Brougham Cast."
Buildings and tower with flag. 
item:-  JandMN : 88
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Ogilby 1675 (plate 38) 
placename:-  Broome Castle
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Road strip map, hand coloured engraving, continuation of the Road from London to Carlisle, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675.
image
OG38m277.jpg
In mile 281, Westmorland.  "Broome castle vulgo Brougham"
the castle to the right of the road. 
item:-  JandMN : 21
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Broughton Castle
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Cumberland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695-1715.
image
MD12NY52.jpg
"Broughton Cast"
Circle, building with two towers, by its park. 
item:-  JandMN : 90
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Morden 1695 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Browham Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, published by Abel Swale, the Unicorn, St Paul's Churchyard, Awnsham, and John Churchill, the Black Swan, Paternoster Row, London, 1695.
image
MD10NY52.jpg
"Browham Cast"
Tower. 
item:-  JandMN : 24
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Bowen 1720 (plate 94) 
placename:-  Broom Castle
source data:-   Strip maps, uncoloured engravings, road maps, The Road from London to Carlisle, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, with sections in Lancashire and Westmorland, published by Emanuel Bowen, St Katherines, London, 1720.
image
B094m277.jpg
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.100
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Buck 1739
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  Barony of Appleby and Brough; hunting
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, The North West View of Brougham Castle, in the County of Westmorland, drawn and engraved by Samuel and Nathaniel Buck, published 1739.
image  click to enlarge
BU0219.jpg
printed, top  "THE NORTH-WEST VIEW OF BROUGHAM-CASTLE, IN THE COUNTY OF WESTMORLAND."
printed, bottom  "THIS Castle was part of the Lordship of the Viponts, included in the Barony of Appelby and Burgh, given to Robert de Vipont, by King John, in the 4th. Year of his Reign. from whose Family after a few Descents, it passed by Heir general to ye Noble Family of Clifford. Robert de Clifford entertained at this Castle Robert de Baliol, King of Scotland, when he came a Hunting in the Woods and Chases belonging to this Robert de Clifford. - The present Proprietor is the Right Honourable ye Earl of Thanet. / Saml. &Nathl. Buck Delin: et Sculp. Publish'd according to Act of Parliamt. March 26. 1739."
item:-  Armitt Library : 1959.67.19
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Badeslade 1742
placename:-  Browham Castle
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, A Map of Westmorland North from London, scale about 10 miles to 1 inch, with descriptive text, by Thomas Badeslade, London, engraved and published by William Henry Toms, Union Court, Holborn, London, 1742.
image  click to enlarge
BD12.jpg
"Browha[m] Cast"
circle, italic lowercase text; castle 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.62
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Simpson 1746 map (Wmd) 
placename:-  Browham Castle
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, printed by R Walker, Fleet Lane, London, 1746.
image
SMP2NYL.jpg
"Browham C."
Building. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2007.38.59
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Morgan 1759
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   MG02q054.txt
"Brougham castle is a spacious ruin, situate on the banks of the river Emont. The centre of the building is a lofty square tower; the shattered turrets, which form the angles, and the hanging galleries, are grown over with shrubs."
evidence:-   old map:- Bowen and Kitchin 1760
placename:-  Brom Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, A New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland Divided into their Respective Wards, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin et al, published by T Bowles, Robert Sayer, and John Bowles, London, 1760.
image
BO18NY42.jpg
"Brom Castle"
circle and line 
item:-  Armitt Library : 2008.14.10
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old map:- Jefferys 1770 (Wmd) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Map, 4 sheets, The County of Westmoreland, scale 1 inch to 1 mile, surveyed 1768, and engraved and published by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1770.
image
J5NY52NW.jpg
"Brougham Castle"
castle 
item:-  National Library of Scotland : EME.s.47
Image © National Library of Scotland
evidence:-   old text:- Pennant 1773
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  bercary (sheepfold); sheepfold; Barons' War
source data:-   Book, A Tour from Downing to Alston Moor, 1773, by Thomas Pennant, published by Edward Harding, 98 Pall Mall, London, 1801.
image PEN6p155, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 155  "About a mile further stands Brougham-castle, seated on the Eimot, a vast and lofty pile, square, and with square towers, slightly salient from some of the corners. It had been owned by the Cliffords, and passed through their descendants to the present Earl of Thanet. On its site, or perhaps near to it, had been the Roman station Brovocum, or Broconiacum. The ancient fortress might have been on an artificial rising near the river, opposite to the Countess's pillar: and I conjecture, that the more modern castle was erected on the site of the old mansion owned by the Veteriponts, predecessors to the Cliffords; for, after the death of John de Veteripont, complaint was made that the Prior of Carlisle, guardian to his son, had suffered the walls and house of Brougham to go to decay for want of repairing the gutters and the roof, and that certain bercarys, or sheep-folds, had fallen down, for the length of five score feet, for want of support. Whether he began to build this castle, is uncertain: probably he had not leisure to undertake so great a work; for, as soon as he came of age, he engaged with the rebellious Barons against his sovereign Henry III. and was slain, either at the battle of Lewes, or that of Evesham. It should seem to have been"
image PEN6p156, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 156  "founded by his son-in-law and successor Roger de Clifford. Over an inner door was the following inscription:"
""THIS MADE ROGER.""
"Which by some is construed ambiguously, and to signify that his fortune was made by so great an acquisition. Yet round the castle there was no more than eight score acres of arable land, worth four-pence each; forty of meadow, worth twelve-pence; three cottrels, or cottages, worth twelve-pence each; and a water-mill, worth twenty-shillings yearly. The finishing of this noble pile was reserved for Roger de Clifford, great-grandson of the first Roger. He enjoyed his vast fortunes in peace, was a lover of architecture, built the eastern part of the castle, and caused his own arms, and those of his wife Maude, daughter of Beauchamp earl of Warwick, to be cut in stone: a pool to this day bears the name of the Lady. He died in 1391. An upper room in one of the towers, a curious octagon, is a proof of his taste; as is an arched apartment in another, supported by an elegant octagonal pillar, with eight ribs diverging from its capital along the roof. Francis earl of Cumberland here entertained James I. during three days, in 1617, on his return from his last progress into Scotland. From that time it fell into decay, till it was restored by its"
image PEN6p157, button  goto source
Pennant's Tour 1773, page 157  "great owner Anne Clifford. Here she yielded her last breath, and the ruin of this and several of her other castles quickly followed."
"..."
"... A little to the south is Clifton, out of which twenty-two quarters of oats were, in old times, annually paid to the Castle of Brougham. Similar revenues were drawn from other places, which made up for the want of territory round this strong hold."
evidence:-   old map:- Donald 1774 (Cmd) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Map, hand coloured engraving, 3x2 sheets, The County of Cumberland, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by Thomas Donald, engraved and published by Joseph Hodskinson, 29 Arundel Street, Strand, London, 1774.
image
D4NY52NW.jpg
"Brougham Castle"
no symbol 
item:-  Carlisle Library : Map 2
Image © Carlisle Library
evidence:-   descriptive text:- West 1778 (11th edn 1821) 
placename:-  Brovoniacum
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  inscription, roman; roman inscription
source data:-   Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
image WS21P171, button  goto source
Page 171:-  "... Brougham-castle is an awful ruin, the Brovoniacum of the Romans, and since that the bulwark of Westmorland, on that side, and the pride of its Earls for many descents. In the roof of a gallery, is a stone with a Roman sepulchral inscription, much defaced."
image WS21P200, button  goto source
Addendum; Mr Gray's Journal, 1769 
Page 200:-  "... Passed ... Brougham-castle, ... crossed the Eden and the Eamont ... [to] Penrith ..."
evidence:-   old text:- Clarke 1787
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  Sweating Pillar
source data:-   Guide book, A Survey of the Lakes of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire, written and published by James Clarke, Penrith, Cumberland, and in London etc, 1787; published 1787-93.
image CL13P003, button  goto source
Page 3:-  "..."
"The next place worthy the traveller's notice is Brougham Castle; a fine old ruin, built"
image CL13P004, button  goto source
Page 4:-  "of a reddish free stone. Like most of our Northern strong-holds, this castle is built in a square form, with its sides facing the cardinal points; three of which have been defended by a ditch, and the other (the North side) is close to the river Emont. No place can exhibit more striking remains of that gloomy strength for which these edifices of defence were so remarkable; arched vaults, winding passages in the walls, so narrow as not to admit more than one person at once; the doors to these passages contracted to a mere hole, through which no one can enter without stooping; and the remains of vast bolts and massy hinges, give us a lively idea of those times of danger and jealousy, when the lord was almost a prisoner in his own castle."
"Some of these vaults and holes are as curious as they are difficult of access; one of which contains what is called the Sweating Pillar, from it being continually covered with a moisture or dew. This vault should appear to have been the dungeon or keep where prisoners were confined, and is situated under the main body of the building; its walls are four or five yards thick, through which are several dark passages, some open, others blocked up. In the centre stands the pillar, which, at its top, where it reaches the roof of the vault, divides itself into eight branches; these branches are reflected along the curvature of the vault, like the arms of a tree; thus preserving, even in a dungeon, the true Gothic stile of architecture. The extremities of these branches terminate near the ground in deformed heads of animals, such as we constantly see in the buildings of our ancestors; and each of these heads holds in its mouth an iron ring, probably intended for the chaining of unruly and riotous prisoners. Part of the roof is now broken, and that side of the pillar opposite to the breach is now become dry, which furnishes us with a solution of the phaenomenon of the sweating."
"Cambden calls Brougham Castle the Brovoniacum, and tells us, that the word signifies, that a company or band of defenders lay there, and adds, that there was a beautiful town there. For this he quotes Antonine, who places the Brovoniacum 20 Italian miles from Verterae: nor is it improbable that the foundation of this Castle was laid by the Romans, as the Roman causeway which leads from Carlisle, by the Ala Petriana, passes this place, Kirkby-Thore, and Brough, under Stainmore."
"The first authentic historical account we have of this Castle is in the reign of William the Conqueror, who granted it, and the estate belonging to it, together with the Barony of Westmorland, to Hugh de Abrinois. This Hugh de Abrinois, (who was surnamed Lupus, and was the son of a sister of the Conqueror's,) and his successors, held it till the year 1170, when it was forfeited by Hugh de Morville. King John afterwards granted this Castle, together with Appleby, to Robert de Veteripont or Vipont, the son of Maud, daughter of Hugh de Morville: but Robert, the grandson of this Robert, espousing the cause of Montfort Earl of Leicester, forfeited his estates, which however were restored to Isabella and Ivetta, or Idonea, his two daughters. They being minors were in wardship to the King, who delegated this trust to Roger de Clifford of Clifford-Castle in Herefordshire, and Roger de Leybourne of the County of Kent: these guardians afterwards married them to their two sons Roger de Clifford and Roger de Leybourne. Idonea, who was married to Roger de Leybourne, died without issue, but Isabella became the mother of the illustrious family of the Cliffords. In the Clifford family this estate"
source data:-   image CL13P005, button  goto source
Page 5:-  "and castle continued till the death of Anne Countess Dowager of Pembroke and Montgomery; her daughter Margaret being married to John Lord Tufton, brought the estate into the family of the present Earl of Thanet. After the death of Earl Thomas, his successor, Sackville Tufton, had a quarrel with his tenants abut their fines, upon which a trial at bar by a special jury was directed in the year 1739; during the trial, eleven witnesses were produced whose ages together amounted to a thousand years. A rare and pleasing instance of longevity; owing, no doubt, to the constant temperance, pure air, and healthful exercise in which our Cumbrian mountaineers uniformly live."
"This Castle hath varied its strength and beauty almost as much as its possessors; for after the death of John Veteripont it went almost to ruin, his son Robert being a minor and in ward to the Prior of Carlisle. It was afterwards repaired by Roger de Clifford; and when King James the I. returned in the year 1617 from his last progress into Scotland, he was entertained at this Castle by Francis Earl of Cumberland. During the civil wars it was again demolished; but was repaired in the year 1671 by Anne Countess of Pembroke, who built a garden-wall on the South-East side of the building, as appears by a stone over the garden-door. The garden was afterwards planted with wood; and the stone, lead, and timber of this venerable edifice sold for L.100 to Mr John Monkhouse and Mr Adderton, two Attorneys [two Gentlemen] in Penrith, who afterwards sold them in public sales, and the first sale was upon the same day that his Majesty George the I. was crowned: the old wainscotting being chiefly purchased by the neighbouring villagers, many curious pieces of carved work are yet to be seen in their houses."
"The estate was then almost wholly neglected, no one residing upon it but a hind, who took in cattle by stint: he afterwards farmed it, together with Whinfield-Park, for L.40 per annum, and possessed it till the year 1767. The whole demesne was then a barren heath, stocked with vast numbers of rabbits, and a few deer; these supplied the farmer and his family almost entirely with food: during the Summer they ate venison, and during the Winter they ate the rabbits."
"..."
evidence:-   old print:- Clarke 1787
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   building with two towers
image  click to enlarge
CL18.jpg
"Brougham Castle"
item:-  Armitt Library : A6615.12
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Camden 1789 (Gough Additions) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
placename:-  Burgham Castle
source data:-   Book, Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
image CAM2P160, button  goto source
Page 160:-  "..."
""... At Burgham is an old castle that the common people there say doth sink. About this Burgham ploughmen find in the fields many square stones tokens of old buildings. The castle is set in a strong place by reason of rivers enclosing the country thereabouts.""
image CAM2P161, button  goto source
Page 161:-  "In Brougham castle Francis; earl of Cumberland, entertained James I. on his return from his last progress into Scotland 1617. Having been desolated in the civil wars it was repaired by Anne countess of Pembroke 1615 and 1652, since which it has been suffered to go to decay."
evidence:-   old map:- Cary 1789 (edn 1805) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, Westmoreland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Cary, London, 1789; edition 1805.
image
CY24NY52.jpg
"Brougham Cas"
house symbol; castle 
item:-  JandMN : 129
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   probably old map:- Baker 1802
placename:-  
source data:-   Perspective road maps with sections in Lancashire, Westmorland and Cumberland, by J Baker, London 1802.
image
Bk03Vg06.jpg
""
item:-  private collection : 3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Green 1804 (plate 36) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured aquatint, Brougham Castle, Brougham, Westmorland, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1804.
image  click to enlarge
GN1636.jpg
Plate 36 from a series. 
printed at bottom:-  "Brougham Castle. / Drawn and Engraved by Wm. Green, and Published at Ambleside, June 24, 1804."
printed at top right:-  "36"
item:-  Armitt Library : 2014.185
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G814B627, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1814 part 2 p.627  "..."
"BROUGHAM CASTLE, near Penrith in Westmorland, was repaired by the Countess Dowager of Pembroke in the year 1651, having been in a dilapidated state nearly five and thirty years. After her death it was entirely neglected, and all the materials sold for £.100 to two attorneys in Penrith. It is now a mouldering venerable ruin on the banks of the river Eden. The keep and chapel are the most prominent features, the former of which is very ancient, of massy construction, having several circular arches in front, and has probably been considerably higher. To the North-east angle is attached a gateway of less antient erection. The chapel was very small; part of the East window, stalls, and holy-water recess, with large corbels of the roof, remain. The old church at Brougham, being considered in a dangerous state, was taken down, and rebuilt by the Countess of Pembroke, in the year 1659."
evidence:-   old print:- Green 1814 (plate 57) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  dog
source data:-   Print, tinted soft ground etching, Brougham Castle, Brougham, Westmorland, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1814.
image  click to enlarge
GN1057.jpg
Plate 57 in Sixty Small Prints. 
printed at top right:-  "57"
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE. / Published at Ambleside Augst. 1, 1814, by Wm. Green."
item:-  Armitt Library : A6653.57
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Green 1814 (plate 57) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  dog
source data:-   Print, uncoloured soft ground etching, Brougham Castle, Brougham, Westmorland, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1814.
image  click to enlarge
GN0957.jpg
Plate 57 in Sixty Small Prints. 
printed at top right:-  "57"
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE. / Published at Ambleside Augst. 1, 1814, by Wm. Green."
item:-  Armitt Library : A6656.57
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Green 1814
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Set of prints, soft ground etchings, Sixty Small Prints, with text, A Description of a Series of Sixty Small Prints, by William Green, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1814.
image GN09p33, button  goto source
page 33:-  "..."
"BROUGHAM CASTLE."
"Is finely situated upon the river Eamont, about one mile from Penrith on the new road, and two miles upon the old road; it is a ruin deservedly admired for its beauty, and worthy an artist's attention."
evidence:-   old map:- Otley 1818
source data:-   Map, uncoloured engraving, The District of the Lakes, Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Jonathan Otley, 1818, engraved by J and G Menzies, Edinburgh, Scotland, published by Jonathan Otley, Keswick, Cumberland, et al, 1833.
image
OT02NY52.jpg
Marked as a great house. 
item:-  JandMN : 48.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Fielding and Walton 1821 (plate 41) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, coloured aquatint, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, drawn by Theodore H A Fielding, published by R Ackermann, 101 Strand, London, 1821.
image  click to enlarge
FW0141.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.260 in A Picturesque Tour of the English Lakes. 
item:-  Dove Cottage : 1993.R566.41
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G825A414, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1825 part 1 p.414 
From the Compendium of County History:-  "1617. James I. magnificently entertained at Brougham Castle for three days in August, on his return from his last journey to Scotland."
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag 1825
source data:-   image G825A513, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1825 part 1 p.513 
From the Compendium of County History:-  "Clifford, George, Earl of Cumberland, Brougham Castle, 1558."
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
item:-  Progress of King James I; Ayres that were sung and played at Brougham Castle, 1618
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G826A194, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1826 part 1 p.194  "MINOR CORRESPONDENCE."
"The Editor of the 'Progress of King James I.' again ventures to inquire whether a copy exists of 'The Ayres that were sung and played at Brougham Castle, in Westmorland, in the King's Entertainment; given by the Right Honourable the Earle of Cumberland, and his Right Noble Sonne the Lord Clifford. Composed by Mr. George Mason and Mr. John Earsden. London, printed by Thomas Snodham, cum privilegio, 1618,' folio, mentioned by Sir John Hawkins in his History of Music, and by Dr. Whitaker in his History of Craven. A speedy answer will much oblige, - The Editor still has among his desiderata the London Pageants of 1611, 1612, 1614, 1617, and 1624."
"..."
evidence:-   old text:- Gents Mag
item:-  chapel, Brougham Castle
source data:-   Magazine, The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer or Historical Chronicle, published by Edward Cave under the pseudonym Sylvanus Urban, and by other publishers, London, monthly from 1731 to 1922.
image G831B400, button  goto source
Gentleman's Magazine 1831 part 2 p.400  "..."
"Brougham Castle is a ruin, but it is the ruin of a magnificent edifice. The room which is the most entire, was evidently the chapel, a room of good proportions, on the south side of the castle, and having apartment beneath it."
evidence:-   descriptive text:- Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Guide book, A Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by Rev William Ford, published by Charles Thurnam, Carlisle, by W Edwards, 12 Ave Maria Lane, Charles Tilt, Fleet Street, William Smith, 113 Fleet Street, London, by Currie and Bowman, Newcastle, by Bancks and Co, Manchester, by Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, and by Sinclair, Dumfries, 1839.
image FD01Pr10, button  goto source
"... The Norman conquerors, however, seem to have left this tract [The Lakes] wholly to itself: all the remains of the castles being found on the outskirts, as Egremont, Cockermouth, Brougham, and Kendal. ..."
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Page 134:-  "..."
"BROUGHAM CASTLE,"
"On the site of the Roman Brovoniacum, at the confluence of the Eamont and Lowther, where many Roman remains have been found. The present Castle is Norman. The first Roger Lord Clifford built part, as appears from an inscription - 'This made Roger.' In 1651 the countess re-edified it, after it had lain in ruins from 1617. The entrance is by a machicolated gateway and tower, and a short covered way leads to an under gateway with iron-grated gates. The Dongcon, a stately edifice of excellent masonry, rises from the midst of the area: within this is a vault, the groined roof of which is supported by a single octagonal pier. The outward and inner gateways are both vaulted with common arches, and have been defended by portcullises."
"These ruins, standing on a tree-clad eminence"
image FD01P135, button  goto source
Page 135:-  "at the junction of two pretty streams, wear a venerable and majestic appearance, and are, as a whole, a conspicuous and romantic object in every approach. ..."
evidence:-   old map:- Garnett 1850s-60s H
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Map of the English Lakes, in Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
image
GAR2NY52.jpg
"Brougham Cas"
block, building 
item:-  JandMN : 82.1
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Martineau 1855
source data:-   Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-76.
image MNU1P171, button  goto source
Page 171:-  "... The Castle of Brougham has been held by the Veteriponts, Cliffords and Tuftons, and is now the property of the Earl of Thanet. It is now in ruins; and fine ruins they are. They stand at the confluence of the Eamont and Lowther Rivers, at the distance of a mile from Penrith."
evidence:-   old photograph:- Bell 1880s-1940s
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Photograph, Brougham Castle from the North East, Broughan, Westmorland, by Herbert Bell, photographer, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1896.
image  click to enlarge
HB0080.jpg
Vol.1 no.80 in an album, Examples of Early Domestic and Military Architecture in Westmorland, assembled 1910. 
ms at bottom:-  "80. Brougham Castle from the North East. Brougham. W."
item:-  Armitt Library : 1958.3165.80
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old photograph:- Bell 1880s-1940s
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Photograph, Brougham Castle from the East, Broughan, Westmorland, by Herbert Bell, photographer, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1896.
image  click to enlarge
HB0081.jpg
Vol.1 no.81 in an album, Examples of Early Domestic and Military Architecture in Westmorland, assembled 1910. 
ms at bottom:-  "81. Brougham Castle from the East. Brougham. W."
item:-  Armitt Library : 1958.3165.81
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old photograph:- Bell 1880s-1940s
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Photograph, Brougham Castle, The Keep, Broughan, Westmorland, by Herbert Bell, photographer, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1897.
image  click to enlarge
HB0082.jpg
Vol.1 no.82 in an album, Examples of Early Domestic and Military Architecture in Westmorland, assembled 1910. 
ms at bottom:-  "82. Brougham Castle, The Keep. Brougham. W."
item:-  Armitt Library : 1958.3165.82
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old photograph:- Bell 1880s-1940s
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Photograph, Brougham Castle, The Gatehouse, Broughan, Westmorland, by Herbert Bell, photographer, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1896.
image  click to enlarge
HB0083.jpg
Vol.1 no.83 in an album, Examples of Early Domestic and Military Architecture in Westmorland, assembled 1910. 
ms at bottom:-  "83. Brougham Castle. The Gatehouse. Brougham. W."
item:-  Armitt Library : 1958.3165.83
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old photograph:- Bell 1880s-1940s
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  vaulting
source data:-   Photograph, Brougham Castle, Interior of the Gatehouse, Broughan, Westmorland, by Herbert Bell, photographer, Ambleside, Westmorland, 1896.
image  click to enlarge
HB0084.jpg
Vol.1 no.84 in an album, Examples of Early Domestic and Military Architecture in Westmorland, assembled 1910. 
ms at bottom:-  "84. Brougham Castle, Interior of the Gatehouse. Brougham. W."
item:-  Armitt Library : 1958.3165.84
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Taylor 1892
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, plan of Brougham Castle, Brougham, Westmorland, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society, by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, and by Charles Thurnam and Sons, Carlisle, Cumberland, 1892.
image  click to enlarge
TY5004.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.37 of The Old Manorial Halls of Cumberland and Westmorland, by Michael Waistell Taylor. 
item:-  Armitt Library : A785.4
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old photograph:- Ullswater Steamers 1900s (edn 1903) 
source data:-   Photograph, bw halftone, Brougham Castle, Brougham, Westmorland, published in a guide book by the Ullswater Steam Navigation Co, Penrith, Cumberland, 1903.
image  click to enlarge
UN115.jpg
item:-  JandMN : 1023.15
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Bradley 1901
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured lithograph, Brougham Castle, Brougham, Westmorland, by Joseph Pennell, published by Macmillan and Co, London, 1901.
image  click to enlarge
BRL103.jpg
On page 17 of Highways and Byways in the Lake District, by A G Bradley. 
printed at bottom:-  "Brougham Castle."
item:-  JandMN : 464.3
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Heaton Cooper 1905 (edn 1908) 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, colour halftone, Brougham Castle, Penrith - Brougham, Westmorland, from a watercolour painting by Alfred Heaton Cooper, published by Adam and Charles Black, London, 2nd edn 1908.
image  click to enlarge
HC0166.jpg
Opposite p.198 of The English Lakes, painted by Alfred Heaton Cooper, described by William T Palmer. 
printed at tissue opposite the print:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE, PENRITH"
printed at signed lower right:-  "A HEATON COOPER"
item:-  JandMN : 468.66
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old text:- Harper 1907
item:-  Civil War
source data:-   HP01p121.txt
Page 121:-  "..."
"But Brougham Castle is finer than the Hall, or than the memories of De Brohams. Brougham derives its name, down the long alleys of time, from Brovacum, a Roman station in these outposts of the Roman dominion, thickly studded with such. And a military post of the first importance it continued to be until the time of Henry the Fourth. Normans built the keep of the old castle, and the families of Vipont and De Clifford added to it, and held the marchlands against the Scots, or warred for or against their sovereigns, with more or less success, until their line ended in a woman: the famous Ann Clifford, Countess of Dorset, Pembroke and Montgomery who was as good a man as any. She was born in 1590, and enjoyed length of days and strength of mind during the whole of them, dying at last in 1676. Marrying twice, and unhappily on both occasions, she was twice widowed, and left with an only daughter. Upon her second widowhood she retired to these scenes of her youth, and busied herself in rebuilding her ancient and ruined castles of Brougham, Appleby, Skipton, Bardon Tower, Pendragon, and Brough; together with the restoration of numerous churches, and the erection of monuments to various people, including herself. She was as ceaseless and busy a builder as old Bess of Hardwick herself, and an imperious and masterful old lady who even withstood Cromwell. He declared he would ding down her castles as soon as she built them up, but she merely replied that they would be rebuilt every time, and Cromwell was obliged to give in. "Let her build an she will" he said, and build she accordingly did. She is described as having been a"
HP01p122.txt
Page 122:-  ""perfect mistress of forecast and aftercast," who "knew well how to converse of all things, from predestination, to slea-silk;" and she certainly was tenacious of her rights, or what she conceived to be her rights; being as remarkable a litigant as she was a builder. By all accounts, she was nothing less than an unmitigated terror, and the plain man, who reads of her autocratic ways, is apt to think that the unhappiness of her marriages was felt by her husbands a good deal more than by herself."
image  click to enlarge
HP0113.jpg
"BROUGHAM CASTLE"
"We know a great deal about this extraordinary woman, for among her activities was the writing, at tremendous length, about herself and her ancestors; and in those pages she dwells with an amusing complacency upon the early beauties of her face, her form, and mind."
"It was in 1652 that she so thoroughly repaired Brougham Castle, making it afterwards her principal residence; but the day of castles was done, and,as she really must have foreseen, her works were left, after her death, to decay. Her only"
HP01p123.txt
Page 123:-  "daughter had married the Earl of Thanet, who in 1728 caused the most part of Brougham Castle to be demolished, and the materials sold. And here it stands to-day, a roofless shell."
""Thys made Roger" are the words boldly carved over the gateway; telling us that the first Lord Clifford was the great builder of the castle. His grandson added largely to it; and a mighty place it must have been. Cliffords of Brougham and a dozen other strongholds dared with impunity what smaller men would have been ruined to attempt the tenth part of; and the messengers of Kings, sent with formidable sealed documents, have been set down to dine at Brougham Castle upon the wax and parchment of the commands they brought, and have made a hearty, but involuntary meal, upon those unappetising materials under the grim eyes of my lord without wine to wash them down or condiment to flavour them withal."
"And now the scene is merely the subject for an artist and a beautiful subject too. The old ruins stand in an ideal situation, in an undulating grassy meadow, sloping towards"
HP01p124.txt
Page 124:-  "the sparkling Eamont, framed in with trees, and with distant mountains closing in the scene."
"Such is the present condition of the old Countess Ann's pride; ..."
item:-  JandMN : 1055.14
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Curwen 1913
placename:-  Brougham Castle
item:-  inscription
source data:-   Print, uncoloured lithograph, Brougham Castle, 'Thys made Roger', Brougham, Westmorland, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, 1913.
image  click to enlarge
CW0117.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.87 of The Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, by John F Curwen. 
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE, ..."
item:-  Armitt Library : A782.17
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   site plan:- Curwen 1913
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Site plan, lithograph, Brougham Castle, Plan of Keep and Gatehouse, Brougham, Westmorland, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, 1913.
image  click to enlarge
CW0118.jpg
On p.91 of The Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, by John F Curwen. 
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE. / Plan of Keep and Gatehouse."
item:-  Armitt Library : A782.18
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Curwen 1913
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured lithograph, Brougham Castle, inner gate, Brougham, Westmorland, published for the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society by Titus Wilson, Kendal, Westmorland, 1913.
image  click to enlarge
CW0119.jpg
On p.93 of The Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, by John F Curwen. 
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE. / Looking from the Inner Gate ..."
item:-  Armitt Library : A782.19
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   site plan:- Historical Monuments 1936
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Site plan, uncoloured lithograph, Brougham Castle, Brougham, Westmorland, scale about 1 to 460, published by Royal Commission on Historical Monuments England, London, 1936.
image  click to enlarge
HMW042.jpg
On p.58 of the Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Westmorland. 
printed, top  "BROUGHAM CASTLE"
RCHME no. Wmd, Brougham 4 
item:-  Armitt Library : A745.42
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   site plan:- Historical Monuments 1936
source data:-   Site plan, uncoloured lithograph, Brougham Castle The Keep and Gateways, Brougham, Westmorland, scale about 1 to 460, published by Royal Commission on Historical Monuments England, London, 1936.
image  click to enlarge
HMW043.jpg
On p.59 of the Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Westmorland. 
printed, top  "BROUGHAM CASTLE THE KEEP &GATEWAYS"
RCHME no. Wmd, Brougham 4 
item:-  Armitt Library : A745.43
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   text:- Jackson 1990
placename:-  Broome Castle
placename:-  Brouham Castle
placename:-  Browham Castle
placename:-  Bruham Castle
placename:-  Brum Castle
placename:-  Burgham Castle
source data:-  
evidence:-   old print:- Green 1819
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, soft ground etching, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, by William Green, 1820, published by R Lough and Co, Chronicle Office, Finkle Street, Kendal, and others, 1820.
image  click to enlarge
GN0131.jpg
Tipped in opposite vol.2 p.389 of The Tourist's New Guide, by William Green. 
printed at bottom right, centre:-  "Vol.2, page 389, line 22. / BROUGHAM CASTLE. / Published at Ambleside, by Wm. Green, 1820."
item:-  Armitt Library : A1141.32
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old drawing:- 
item:-  sheep
source data:-   Drawing, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, by William Havell, 1817.
image  click to enlarge
PR1410.jpg
View of Brougham Castle, Westmorland with stand of trees to right, birds in sky above castle and in the foreground. Group of sheep lying on grass in foreground. Pennines in the background. One of a set of eight 'Drawings for a Pocket Book' intended to be engraved, executed on the spot by the artist. Eight drawings pasted to one piece of paper all executed in pencil, brown wash and white gouache. 
at bottom right:-  "July 1817"
item:-  Tullie House Museum : 2009.89.56
Image © Tullie House Museum
evidence:-   old print:- Robertson 1911
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, lithograph? Mountains of Lakeland, seen from Brougham Castle, from a watercolour by Arthur Tucker, published by Chatto and Windus, London, 1911.
image  click to enlarge
RSN130.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.156 of Wordsworthshire by Eric Robertson. 
printed at bottom:-  "MOUNTAINS OF LAKELAND, SEEN FROM BROUGHAM CASTLE"
signed at painting lower left:-  "Arthur Tucker"
item:-  JandMN : 197.31
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Robertson 1911
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, lithograph? Brougham Castle, from a watercolour by Arthur Tucker, published by Chatto and Windus, London, 1911.
image  click to enlarge
RSN115.jpg
Tipped in opposite p.54 of Wordsworthshire by Eric Robertson. 
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE"
item:-  JandMN : 197.15
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old photograph:- Bogg 1898
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Photograph, halftone print, Brougham Castle and the bridge over the Eamont, Brougham Westmorland, published by Edmund Bogg, 3 Woodhouse Lane, and James Miles, Guildford Street, Leeds, Yorkshire, 1898.
image  click to enlarge
BGG136.jpg
Included on p.132 of Lakeland and Ribblesdale, by Edmund Bogg. 
item:-  JandMN : 231.36
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, published late 19th century?
image  click to enlarge
PR0237.jpg
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.237
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Rose 1832-35
source data:-   Print, engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, by Thomas Allom, engraved by S Lacey, 1833.
image  click to enlarge
R220.jpg
"Brougham Castle, Westmorland"
item:-  JandMN : 96.11
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, drawn by Copley Fielding, engraved by W Cooke jnr, published early 19th century?
image  click to enlarge
PR0239.jpg
printed at bottom left, right, centre:-  "Drawn by Copley Fielding. / Engraved by W. Cooke Junr. / BROUGHAM CASTLE."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.239
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, published early 19th century?
image  click to enlarge
PR0238.jpg
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE. / PENRITH, WESTMORELAND."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.238
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, drawn by H gastineau, engraved by W Tombleson, published by Longman and Co, Paternoster Row, London, 1823.
image  click to enlarge
PR0364.jpg
printed at bottom left, right, centre:-  "H. Gastineau delt. / Sketch'd & Engraved by W. Tombleson. / BROUGHAM CASTLE. / Westmorland / Published by Longman &Co. Paternoster Row Jan. 1. 1823."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.364
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, published by J and J Cundee, Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row, London, 1819.
image  click to enlarge
PR0190.jpg
Included in vol.4 of The New British Traveller, or Modern Panorama of England and Wales, by James Dugdale. 
printed at bottom:-  "BROUGHAM CASTLE, / WESTMORELAND. / Drawn & Engraved for DUGDALES ENGLAND &WALES Delineated."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.190
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, The Chapel, Brougham Castle, Westmoreland, drawn by J Morris, engraved by E Roberts, published by W Clarke, New Bond Street, 1818.
image  click to enlarge
PR0107.jpg
Included in the Antiquarian Itinerary. 
printed at bottom:-  "Engraved by E. Roberts from a drawing by J. Morris, for the Antiquarian Itinerary. / The Chapel, Brougham Castle Westmoreland / Published for the proprietors May 1. 1818. by W. Clarke. New Bond Street."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.107
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmoreland, drawn G Arnald, engraved by T Higham, published by W Clarke, New Bond Street, 1818.
image  click to enlarge
PR0106.jpg
Included in the Antiquarian Itinerary. 
printed at bottom:-  "Engraved by T. Higham from a Sketch by G. Arnald, for the Antiquarian Itinerary. Pl.2 / Brougham Castle Westmoreland / Published for the proprietors May 1. 1818. by W. Clarke. New Bond Street."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.106
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmoreland, drawn and engraved by J Greig, published by W Clarke, New Bond Street, 1818.
image  click to enlarge
PR0105.jpg
Included in the Antiquarian Itinerary. 
printed at bottom:-  "Drawn &Engraved by J. Greig for the Antiquarian Itinerary. / Brougham Castle Westmoreland / Published for the proprietors May 1. 1818. by W. Clarke. New Bond Street."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.105
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Britton and Brayley 1802
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, drawn by E Dayes, engraved by S Noble, published by Vernor and Hood, Poultry, London, 1804.
image  click to enlarge
PR0145.jpg
Included in the Beauties of England and Wales, by John Britton and Edward W Brayley. 
printed at bottom left, right, centre:-  "Engrav'd by S. Noble from a drawing by E Dayes, / for the Beauties of England &Wales. / BROUGHAM CASTLE, / Westmoreland. / London, Published by Vernor and Hood, Poultry, Oct. 1. 1804."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.145
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- Britton and Brayley 1802
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, hand coloured engraving, Interior of the Chapel in the upper Story of Brougham Castle, Westmorland, painted by G Arnald, engraved by J Storer, published by Vernor, Hood and Sharpe, Poultry, London, 1807.
image  click to enlarge
PR0144.jpg
Included in the Beauties of England and Wales, by John Britton and Edward W Brayley. 
printed at bottom:-  "Engrav'd by J. Storer, from a Painting by G. Arnald, for the Beauties of England & Wales. E.W.B dxt. / Interior of the Chapel in the upper Story of Brougham Castle, / Westmoreland. / London, Published by Vernor, Hood &Sharpe, Poultry, May 1. 1807."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.144
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Cumberland, published early 19th century?
image  click to enlarge
PR0446.jpg
printed at top, bottom:-  "WESTMORELAND. / Brougham Castle."
item:-  private collection : 110
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print with text:- Lowther 1780s-90s
source data:-   Print, engraving, Brougham Castle, Brougham, Cumbria, engraved by Godfrey, 1774; with descriptive text:-
image  click to enlarge
BNF07.jpg
"BROUGHAM CASTLE, WESTMORELAND."
"HISTORY has not recorded the Builder of this Castle, nor handed down to us the time when it was erected; but its stile of architecture, and particularly the Keep, indubitably pronounce it Norman."
"IT is situated on the banks of the river Eimot, vulgarly pronounced Yeoman. Its remains shew it was once a strong, extensive, and beautiful edifice. The chief entrance is through a number of arches by the river-side."
"THE following agreeable description of it is given in a late publication, intitled,"
"'An Excursion to the Lakes.'"
"'WE quited the high-road in order to pass by Brougham castle, a spacious ruin, situate on the banks of the river Yeoman. That we might enjoy the prospect to advantage, we crossed over the river, and made a sweep round the Mill which stands almost opposite to Brougham, from whence a view opened upon us delightfully."
"'The Mill, with its streams, lay on the fore-ground to the left;- a beautiful and shining canal, formed by the river Yeoman, margined with shrubs, laid spreading to the right;- in front, the streams which fell over the wear made a foaming cascade;- immediately on the opposite brink of the channel arises brougham Castle.- Three square"
"towers projecting, but yet connected with the building, form the front;- from thence, on either side, a little wing falls back some paces;- to the north-east a thick grove of planes and ashes block up the passage, and the gateway;- to the south-west the walls stretch out to a considerable distance along a fine grassy plain of pasture-ground, terminated by a tower, one of the out-posts of the Castle. In the centre of the building arises a lofty square tower, frowning in Gothic strength and gloomy pomp. The shuttered turrets which had formed the angles, and the hanging galleries which had communicated with each, were grown with shrubs and waving brambles. The sun-beams which struck each gasping loup, and bending window, discovered the inward devastation and ruin; and touched the whole with admirable colouring and beauty. To grace the landscape, fine groups of cattle were dispersed on the pasture; and through the tufts of ash trees, which were irregularly dispersed on the back ground, distant mountains were seen skirting the horizon."
"'THE lower apartment in the principal tower is still remaining entire; being covered with a vaulted roof of stone, consisting of eight arches which, as they spring from the side walls, are supported and terminate on a pillar in the centre. The apartment mentioned to have been in Bowes Castle, was assuredly of the same architecture;"
item:-  Dove Cottage : Lowther.20
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, in Westmoreland, engraved by Coote, published by Alexander Hogg, 16 Paternoster Row, London, late 18th century.
image  click to enlarge
PR0388.jpg
printed at bottom right, centre:-  "Coote sculpt. / BROUGHAM CASTLE, in WESTMORELAND. / Published according to Act of Parliament by Alexr. Hogg No.16 Paternoster Row."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.388
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmorland, engraved by Godfrey, published by Samuel Hooper, 1775.
image  click to enlarge
PR0203.jpg
printed at bottom left, right, centre:-  "Printed for S. Hooper 7. May 1775. / Godfrey Sc. / Brougham Castle, Westmorland"
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.203
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, Brougham Castle, Westmoreland, engraved by Godfrey, published by Samuel Hooper, 1774.
image  click to enlarge
PR0204.jpg
printed at bottom left, right, centre:-  "Novr. 10. 1774 / Godfrey Sc. / BROUGHAM CASTLE, WESTMORELAND. / ..."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.204
Image © see bottom of page
evidence:-   old print:- 
placename:-  Brougham Castle
source data:-   Print, uncoloured engraving, The North West View of Brougham Castle, Westmorland, about 1769.
image  click to enlarge
PR0181.jpg
Included in vol.9 p.268 of a set of castle pictures? 
printed at bottom:-  "The North West View of Brougham Castle, in the County of Westmoreland."
printed at top left of page:-  "Vol.IX pa.268."
item:-  Dove Cottage : 2008.107.181
Image © see bottom of page

photograph
BUY52.jpg (taken 15.7.2011)  
photograph
BPN97.jpg  Window tracery on the gatehouse.
(taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BPN98.jpg  Privy in the gatehouse.
(taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BTF56.jpg  Vaulting, inner gatehouse.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF57.jpg  The keep, lower three stories early 13th century, built by Robert de Vieuxpont; third floor added by Robert Clifford about 1300.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF65.jpg  Inside the keep.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BPO02.jpg  Tower of League, built by Robert Clifford about 1300..
(taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BTF58.jpg  Tower of League, built by Robert Clifford about 1300..
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF62.jpg  ... castle chapel on the first floor.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF59.jpg  Seats in the castle chapel.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF66.jpg  Roman tombstone used as a roof stone; in memory of Tittus M... age 32, erected by his brother.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF63.jpg  Stonework; door and arrow slit, third floor of keep.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
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BTF60.jpg  Stonework; simple door and window.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BPN91.jpg "THIS [BROUGHAM CAS]TLE WAS REPAIRED / BY THE LADIE ANNE CLIFFORD COUNTESSE / DOWAGER OF PEMBROOKE, DORSETT AND MON / TGOMERY; BARONESSE CLIFFORD WESTMERLAND / AND VESEIE, LADIE OF THE HONOUR OF / SKIPTON IN CRAVEN AND HIGH SHERIFFESSE / BY INHERITANCE, OF THE COUNTIE OF / WESTMERLAND, IN THE YEARES 1651 / AND 1652 AFTER IT HAD LAYEN [RUINOUS] / EVER SINCE ABOUT AUGUST 1617 [WHEN] / KING JAMES LAY IN IT FOR A [TIME IN] / HIS JOURNIE OUT OF SKOTLAND / TOWARDS LONDON UNT[IL T]HI[S TIME.] / ISA CHAP 58 [VERSE 12] / GODS NAME [BE ]PR[AISED]" (taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BTF64.jpg  All is ruin ...
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BPN94.jpg (taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BLM14.jpg (taken 23.12.2005)  
photograph
BLM13.jpg (taken 23.12.2005)  

photograph
BTF61.jpg  Private chapel, on the extended part of the keep.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BPO01.jpg  Corbels under the chapel in the keep.
(taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BPO03.jpg  The oratory, private chapel, on the upper floor of the keep, added by Robert Clifford about 1300.
(taken 2.8.2008)  
photograph
BTF67.jpg  Private oratory, vaulting.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF68.jpg  Private oratory, vaulting.
(taken 18.7.2010)  
photograph
BTF69.jpg  Private oratory, vaulting.
(taken 18.7.2010)  

Robertson, Dawn & Koronka, Peter: 1992: Secrets and Legends of Old Westmorland: Pagan Press (Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria) &Cumbria CC (library service)
Curwen, John F: 1913: Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands: Wilson, Titus (Kendal, Westmorland)
notes:-  
 12th century castle

Perriam, D R &Robinson, J: 1998: Medieval Fortified Buildings of Cumbria: CWAAS:: ISBN 1 873124 23 6; plan and illustration
notes:-  
 Keep about 1170, and other buildings of later periods. Lastle added to and repaired by lady Anne Pembroke, mid 17th century.
person:-    : English Heritage
person:-    : Clifford, Anne, Lady
period:-   17th century, early
Ruins beside the River Eamont include a 13th century keep restored by Lady Anne Clifford, 17th century.
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